ipRGCs, do not express either Brn3a or Brn3c, , and a subpopulation of the M1 ipRGCs which projects to the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN), is also Brn3b negative and survives deletion of the Brn3b gene or ablation of Brn3b positive RGCs. Over the last decade, fairly complete characterizations have been achieved for several types of intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs), which can detect light through their own specific opsin, Melanopsin (Opn4), and participate in the circuits for Circadian Photoentrainment, and Pupillary Light Reflex –. RGC types definitions become far more powerful when physiological, morphological and molecular criteria are combined, and this is greatly facilitated by genetic labeling strategies in mice. The exact number of RGC types, their properties and the developmental events leading to their specification, are active areas of investigation.
A good example are Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) types, which convey features of visual information (luminosity, color, contrast, motion, etc.) via around 20 distinct parallel channels, to specific retinorecipient nuclei in the brain –. To simplify this task, neurons are classified into cell types, under the assumption that each neuronal cell type will have a unique combination of these properties. To understand how neuronal circuits function we need to understand the morphological, physiological, molecular and functional properties of the neurons they are made of. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. and NEI grant EY020545, the Whitehall Foundation and an unrestricted grant from the Research to Prevent Blindness to the Department of Ophthalmology of University at Buffalo to X.M. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.įunding: Funding for this work was provided by the Intramural Research Program of the National Eye Institute for M.S., S.R.K., O.M., F.K.
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This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. Received: JAccepted: AugPublished: October 8, 2013 Fox, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, United States of America
Citation: Shi M, Kumar SR, Motajo O, Kretschmer F, Mu X, Badea TC (2013) Genetic Interactions between Brn3 Transcription Factors in Retinal Ganglion Cell Type Specification.
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